This book carries out careful studies on the essence of various criminal law theories both in China and abroad as well as the current situation of judicial practice in China, and on the basis of such studies, explores various issues relating to the current criminal law reform in China, including the legitimacy and necessity of the reform, the basic value orientation of criminal law, the updating of ideas and concepts of criminal law, the reform of the criminal law system, and the restructuring of the mode of the revision of the criminal law. The book reviews and comments on the various academic viewpoints on various issues relating to the criminal law reform in China and puts forward the authors' own opinions on these issues, with a view to helping readers deepen their understanding of the direction of the current criminal law reform in China.